航空泵试验台驱动变结构控制

飞机液压系统泵源需进行地面试验,采用变频调速器＋异步电机＋增速箱的驱动形式是航空泵进行地面试验最先进有效的方法之一.建立了矢量控制变频调速驱动下航空泵试验台驱动系统的数学模型,针对航空泵试验时由于负载变化泵转速不能保持恒定的问题,采用积分滑模面的滑模变结构控制策略,并构造Lyapunov函数证明其稳定性.为降低输出抖振现象,提出采用模糊控制监督下的滑模变结构控制和伪微分反馈(PDF, Pseudo Derivative Feedback)控制相结合的控制策略,仿真及实验结果表明,该控制方法有很高的控制精度,在保持滑模变结构控制鲁棒性强的前提下降低了输出抖振现象.      

涡轮泵试车数据单类支持向量机检测算法

为了在缺乏故障样本的情况下检测某型液体火箭发动机涡轮泵故障,实现基于不完整信息的状态决策,建立了基于v-支持向量分类器的单类支持向量机新异类检测模型。在分析了模型决策边界、支持向量和约束条件之间关系的基础上,为单类支持向量机引入并改进了序贯最小优化算法,提高了训练效率,解决了大样本训练问题。通过对某型液体火箭发动机涡轮泵历史试车数据的分析,结果表明,所建模型的训练速度得到了很大提高,对涡轮泵状态的检测效果良好。     

基于小波包和Elman神经网络的液压泵故障诊断

针对液压泵出口故障检测信号信噪比低、难以进行故障特征提取的特点,及 传统的BP网络进行故障诊断时网络学习具有收敛速度慢和学习、记忆不稳定的缺陷,提出了 一种将小波包变换和改进Elman神经网络相结合,进行液压泵故障诊断的新方法.利用具有 紧支结构的小波函数对信号进行分解,削减小波系数以滤除信号中的噪声;单支重构以有效 提取各频带的故障特征,并以频带能量作为识别故障的特征向量;应用改进的Elman神经网 络建立从特征向量到故障模式之间的映射,实现液压泵故障分类.试验结果表明,采用小波 包和改进Elman神经网络相结合的方法可有效的实现液压泵故障的诊断.      

血液及血液替代流体流变特性实验研究

发现和寻找一种透明的、流变特性与血液流体特性很好匹配的血液替代流体进行实验研究是非常迫切和必要的.运用美国brook 公司生产的 PVS Rheometer型旋流变仪对黄原胶溶液流变特性实验发现,黄原胶溶液是一种典型的剪切稀化流体,其剪切应力和剪切速率符合幂律分布;黄原胶溶液浓度越高,其剪切稀化特性越强;黄原胶溶液的表观粘度与溶液温度成反比,与溶液浓度成正比;人体血液的表观粘度介于0.4‰的黄原胶溶液(重量百分比)在温度为20℃和37℃之间的粘度值,在剪切速率介于10s-1~500s-1范围内,人体血液表观粘度随剪切速率的变化过程和0.4‰黄原胶溶液(温度30℃)基本重合.     

机载智能泵源系统的开发研制

针对飞机高压、大功率所带来的节流损失急剧增加的问题,提出了一种根据飞机工作任务设定工作模式和输入给定量的智能泵源系统. 其控制与管理实际上是一个递阶计算机控制系统,上位机(机载公共设备管理计算机)负责根据飞行任务选择泵的工作模式和输入量设定(必要时还可以包括控制律的选择和控制参数的设定),下位机负责现场控制律的实现、控制量输出和数据采集等工作. 研制了智能泵的微控制器和原理样机. 所构成的智能泵源系统可以根据飞行任务需要选择工作模式并自动设定相应的输入量(压力、流量或负载敏感压差),实现对功率利用情况的有效管理,从而有效抑制系统的温升并提高飞机的机动性和生存能力.      

离心泵双密封环平衡系统泄漏特性预测方法研究

为了准确预测离心泵双密封环平衡系统的泄漏特性,通过分析该平衡系统的几何特征和液体流动特点,对其主要过流部件进行简化,将泵腔液体流动简化为由圆周剪切流和径向压差流叠加而成的轴对称二维粘性层流运动,同时将密封环间隙液体流动简化为两平行平板间的定常不可压缩粘性流体层流运动.然后,利用N-S方程分别建立了泵腔和密封环间隙的液体...     

Modeling and control of a novel electro-hydrostatic actuator with adaptive pump displacement

The variable pump displacement and variable motor speed electro-hydrostatic actuator (EHA), one of the three types of EHAs, has advantages such as short response time, flexible speed regulation, and high efficiency. However, the nonlinearity of its double-input single-output system poses a great challenge for system control. This study proposes a novel EHA with adaptive pump displacement and variable motor speed (EHA-APVM). A closed-loop position is realized using a servomotor. Moreover, the displacement varies with the system pressure; thus, the EHA-APVM is a single-input and single-output system. Firstly, the working principles of the EHA-APVM and the pump used in the system are introduced. Secondly, a nonlinear mathematical model of the proposed EHA-APVM control system is established, and a feedback back-stepping (FBBS) control algorithm is introduced to transform the complex nonlinear system into a linear system on the basis of the back-stepping control theory. Finally, simulation results prove that the EHA-APVM has a quick response and high robustness to variations of the load and the pump displacement. In this work, the size and weight of the motor are significantly reduced because the maximum power requirement is reduced, which is very beneficial for using the actuator in airborne equipment.     

叶轮流速系数对泵正反转性能参数比的影响

为研究叶轮流速系数对离心泵反转作液力透平(PAT)泵工况和透平工况水力性能参数比的影响，采用renormalization group(RNG) k-ε湍流模型，通过计算流体动力学软件CFX计算了比转速为23~225的20个PAT叶轮单流道模型的流速系数，揭示了泵工况和透平工况流速系数的分布规律，建立了考虑流速系数的PAT泵工况与透平工况扬程比和流量比。结果表明:PAT透平工况叶轮流速系数大于泵工况。通过对不同比转速的6台工业PAT的外特性实验表明:与Stepanoff等提出的方法相比，考虑流速系数时PAT水力性能参数比与实验结果最为接近，其扬程比平均误差为5.38%，流量比平均误差为5.16%。该成果为PAT的选型设计和性能预测提供理论支撑。      

大功率高速同步电机暖机进程及顶升油泵系统测试分析

根据长输管道大功率高速同步电机暖机进程及顶升油泵系统现状,对机组暖机进程进行测试并跟踪分析,发现暖机进程与同步电机过临界转速时振动值的相关度不高,暖机时间可以进行减少或取消。对同步电机顶升油泵系统进行测试,分析取消顶升油泵时同步电机振动、温度、起停机时间等的变化情况。试验结果表明,可降低顶升油泵联锁停泵转速。     

Experimental study of an insert and its influence on churning losses in a high-speed electro-hydrostatic actuator pump of an aircraft

The speed of an Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator (EHA) pump can recently reach 20000 r/min, and its churning losses increase obviously with an increasing speed, which results in low efficiency and thus increasing heat in aircraft EHA systems. In order to reduce churning losses at high speeds, more attention should be given to the design of an insert. In this paper, the effect of an insert with different design parameters on churning losses is investigated through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation and experiments by calculating the difference between churning losses torques of the test pump with and without the insert based on a high-speed churning losses test rig. Analytical results show that the gap between the insert and the cylinder is critical for churning losses reduction. It is found that the churning losses of the test pump can be reduced with a decreasing gap between the cylinder block and the insert at high speeds. This is because the insert can decrease the turbulence occurrence at high speeds. The results can be used for flow field analysis and optimization of the high-speed EHA pump and provide a new method for improving efficiency of high-speed EHA pumps.